Indonesia

Indonesia, an exporter since the Dutch East India Company's first Java shipment in 1711, now grows mostly robusta, with arabica concentrated in northern Sumatra, Java's Ijen plateau, Sulawesi, Bali and Flores. Smallholders dominate and many still use giling basah (wet hulling), which hulls parchment while it is still moist and gives Indonesian coffee its distinctive character. Harvest windows are staggered across islands and altitudes.

ArabicaRobusta / Conilon

Production 2026/27
11.4Mbags683k t · USDA PSD
Exports 2026/27
8.05Mbags71% of the harvest
Arabica share
12%
World rank
5of 406.0% of origin output
Area harvested 2024
1.27MhaFAOSTAT
Altitude
not published

Production and exports

60 kg bags · USDA PSD market years
05M10M15M201020122014201620182020202220242026Production11.4MExports8.1MDomestic use4.8M
05M10M15M’10’20Production11.4MExports8.1MDomestic use4.8M

Market years 2010/11 to 2026/27; the last year is USDA's current estimate. Domestic use is PSD's domestic consumption line.

Area harvested, hectares · FAOSTAT

1.1M1.2M1.3M1.3M1.4M1.4M’10’15’20Area1.3M

FAOSTAT crops and livestock products, item green coffee (CC BY 4.0). Values flagged as estimates by FAO are included as published.

Where the coffee goes

Supply and use
USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Production, Supply and Distribution (PSD), market years. Supply on the left equals use on the right.
Stocks carried in751k
Production11.4M
Imports1.42M
Exports8.05M
Domestic use4.83M
Stocks carried out671k
Share of the harvest exported71%
Rank among producing origins by exports4 of 37

Where the exports go is not published here. Shipments by destination, including US imports from Indonesia, come from USITC DataWeb and the Census trade API, which need credentials we do not hold yet.

Harvest

Harvest calendar for every origin
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec

Main cropTypical US arrival

Sources disagree: Sumatra main crop

  • Sumatra · main cropMay–Sep · US Dec–Jan
    Sources disagree

    Sumatra: sources disagree. Mercanta says Aceh and Lake Toba begin in May within a May-September main season and arrive December-January; Cafe Imports gives October-June with year-round arrivals.

  • Java · main cropJul–Sep · US Nov–Jan

    Java: Cafe Imports July-September with November-December arrivals; Mercanta's Indonesia window May-September with December-January arrivals.

  • Sulawesi · main cropMay–Sep · US Dec

    Sulawesi: Cafe Imports May-November (arrivals September-December); Mercanta through August or September (arrivals December-January).

  • Flores · main cropMay–Jul · US Dec–Jan

    Flores: Cafe Imports May-July (arrivals October-April); Mercanta through August-September (arrivals December-January).

  • Bali · main cropMay–Sep · US Dec

    Bali: Cafe Imports May-October (arrivals September-December); Mercanta through August-September (arrivals December-January).

Growing regions

7 regions

Varieties, processing and grading

Main varieties

Tim TimAtengS.795TypicaCatimorRobusta (cultivated Coffea canephora, Congolese SG2 group)

Common processing

Wet-hulled (Giling Basah)Washed (wet, fully washed)Natural (dry process)

Export grading

SNI 01-2907-2008 defect-value grades (Mutu 1-6)

ICO certifying agent: Directorate General for International Trade Negotiation, Ministry of Trade (with 96 delegated regional issuing authorities)

Character and protected names

Flavour tendencies

Wet-hulled Sumatran coffees are heavy and syrupy with low acidity and earthy, herbal or cedar-like notes; washed Sulawesi, Java and Bali lots are cleaner with more brightness while keeping a full body.

General tendencies from importer origin notes, not a promise about any lot. The claims behind them are listed with their sources at the foot of the page.

Geographical indications and protected names

None recorded for Indonesia.