Brazil

Brazil has been the world's largest coffee producer since the nineteenth century and grows both arabica and conilon (robusta) on farms from family plots to mechanised estates of thousands of hectares. Flat terrain in the Cerrado and parts of Minas Gerais allows machine harvesting, and dry harvest seasons favour natural and pulped-natural processing. The single May-to-September harvest moves world prices, and Brazil launched the Cup of Excellence competition in 1999.

ArabicaRobusta / Conilon Harvesting in November

Production 2026/27
71.9Mbags4.31M t · USDA PSD
Exports 2026/27
49.1Mbags68% of the harvest
Arabica share
66%
World rank
1of 4037.9% of origin output
Area harvested 2024
1.94MhaFAOSTAT
Altitude
not published

Production and exports

60 kg bags · USDA PSD market years
020M40M60M80M201020122014201620182020202220242026Production71.9MExports49.1MDomestic use22.4M
020M40M60M80M’10’20Production71.9MExports49.1MDomestic use22.4M

Market years 2010/11 to 2026/27; the last year is USDA's current estimate. Domestic use is PSD's domestic consumption line.

Area harvested, hectares · FAOSTAT

1.6M1.8M2M2.2M2.4M’10’15’20Area1.9M

FAOSTAT crops and livestock products, item green coffee (CC BY 4.0). Values flagged as estimates by FAO are included as published.

Where the coffee goes

Supply and use
USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Production, Supply and Distribution (PSD), market years. Supply on the left equals use on the right.
Stocks carried in3.90M
Production71.9M
Imports90k
Exports49.1M
Domestic use22.4M
Stocks carried out4.43M
Share of the harvest exported68%
Rank among producing origins by exports1 of 37

Where the exports go is not published here. Shipments by destination, including US imports from Brazil, come from USITC DataWeb and the Census trade API, which need credentials we do not hold yet.

Harvest

Harvest calendar for every origin
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec

Main cropTypical US arrival

Single source: Espírito Santo main crop

  • Whole country · main cropMay–Sep · US Oct–Jan

    Cafe Imports April-September, Mercanta May-September; both put arrivals October to January (Mercanta to February).

  • Espírito Santo · main cropOct–Dec · US Feb–Mar
    Single source

    Espírito Santo (conilon and mountain arabica) per Cafe Imports only.

Growing regions

10 regions

Varieties, processing and grading

Main varieties

Mundo NovoCatuaíYellow BourbonBourbonIcatuObatãAraraRobusta (cultivated Coffea canephora, Congolese SG2 group)

Common processing

Natural (dry process)Pulped natural (semi-dry)Washed (wet, fully washed)

Export grading

Classificação Oficial Brasileira (COB) / New York method

ICO certifying agent: Green coffee: Conselho dos Exportadores de Café do Brasil (CeCafé); Conselho Nacional do Café (CNC)

Character and protected names

Flavour tendencies

Classic Brazilian naturals and pulped naturals are low-acid, heavy-bodied coffees with chocolate, nut and pulpy cherry notes, which is why they form the base of many espresso blends; washed and microlot coffees from higher areas such as Carmo de Minas add more fruit and brightness.

General tendencies from importer origin notes, not a promise about any lot. The claims behind them are listed with their sources at the foot of the page.

Geographical indications and protected names

None recorded for Brazil.